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  2. Hat notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat_notation

    In statistics, a circumflex (ˆ), called a "hat", is used to denote an estimator or an estimated value. [1] For example, in the context of errors and residuals , the "hat" over the letter ε ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\varepsilon }}} indicates an observable estimate (the residuals) of an unobservable quantity called ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon ...

  3. Notation in probability and statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notation_in_probability...

    The probability is sometimes written to distinguish it from other functions and measure P to avoid having to define "P is a probability" and () is short for ({: ()}), where is the event space, is a random variable that is a function of (i.e., it depends upon ), and is some outcome of interest within the domain specified by (say, a particular ...

  4. Template:List of statistics symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:List_of...

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Pages for logged out editors learn more

  5. Projection matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_matrix

    However, this is not always the case; in locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS), for example, the hat matrix is in general neither symmetric nor idempotent. For linear models , the trace of the projection matrix is equal to the rank of X {\displaystyle \mathbf {X} } , which is the number of independent parameters of the linear model. [ 8 ]

  6. Conditional probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_probability...

    If the conditional distribution of given is a continuous distribution, then its probability density function is known as the conditional density function. [1] The properties of a conditional distribution, such as the moments , are often referred to by corresponding names such as the conditional mean and conditional variance .

  7. Characteristic function (probability theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_function...

    The formula in the definition of characteristic function allows us to compute φ when we know the distribution function F (or density f). If, on the other hand, we know the characteristic function φ and want to find the corresponding distribution function, then one of the following inversion theorems can be used.

  8. Doctors Say This Nighttime Behavior Can Be A Sign Of Dementia

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/doctors-nighttime-behavior...

    However, Dr. Kobylarz notes it can start as early as 1 p.m. for some people. What Sundowning Looks Like There’s a difference between being totally over your day and sundowning.

  9. Derangement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derangement

    P i receives a hat other than h 1. This case is equivalent to solving the problem with n − 1 people and n − 1 hats because for each of the n − 1 people besides P 1 there is exactly one hat from among the remaining n − 1 hats that they may not receive (for any P j besides P i, the unreceivable hat is h j, while for P i it is h 1).