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Iodine deficiency is an important global health issue, especially for fertile and pregnant women. It is also a preventable cause of intellectual disability. Iodine is an essential dietary mineral for neurodevelopment among children. [1] The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain iodine. In areas where there is little iodine in ...
It is used mandatory on the market for household consumption, in bakeries, and for pregnant women. Iodised salt is optional though for animal consumption and the food industry, although widely used. The salt iodization process has to assure a minimum of 30mg iodine/kg of salt.
For women and men ages 18 and older, the PRI for iodine is set at 150 μg/day; the PRI during pregnancy or lactation is 200 μg/day. For children aged 1–17 years, the PRI increases with age from 90 to 130 μg/day.
Iodine levels are frequently too low in pregnant women, and iodine is necessary for normal thyroid function and mental development of the fetus, even cretinism. Pregnant women should take prenatal vitamins containing iodine. [10] Vitamin D levels vary with exposure to sunlight. While it was assumed that supplementation was necessary only in ...
Pregnant and breastfeeding women, who require 66% more daily iodine than non-pregnant women, may still not be getting enough iodine. [ 53 ] [ 55 ] The World Health Organization recommends a daily intake of 250 μg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. [ 56 ]
Hypothyroidism is common in pregnancy with an estimated prevalence of 2-3% and 0.3-0.5% for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism respectively. [8] Endemic iodine deficiency accounts for most hypothyroidism in pregnant women worldwide while chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient parts of the world.
However, fish and shellfish containing higher levels of mercury may be harmful to an unborn baby or young child, per the FDA, which is why it's advised that pregnant women and children eat fish ...
His preferred method of delivery for pregnant and lactating women is via oral iodine supplements. [26] In his day to day practice at the Sydney Thyroid Clinic he will give priority to pregnant women. [1] [27] Eastman's work in China indicates that adequate iodine intake has resulted in an overall increase in the national IQ. [1]
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