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A marine sanitation device (MSD) is a piece of machinery or a mechanical system that is dedicated to treat, process, and/or store raw, untreated sewage that can accumulate onboard water vessels. It does not refer to portable devices such as portable toilets.
In many composting toilet designs, a carbon additive such as sawdust, coconut coir, or peat moss is added after each use. This practice creates air pockets in the human waste to promote aerobic decomposition. This also improves the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and reduces potential odor. Most composting toilet systems rely on mesophilic composting.
This is a list of composting systems: ... Composting toilet; Container composting; Ecuador composting method; Hot container composting; Hügelkultur a.k.a. German mound;
Composting toilet installations have two major advantages for SML: The Nepon foam toilets decrease the amount of water needed to flush from 1.6 gallons, as used by the average flush toilet, to 3 oz. [22] Solids composted by the units do not have to be hauled away using a septic truck and barge. [23]
The most common technology used in ecosan systems is the urine-diverting dry toilet, but ecosan systems can also use other technologies, such as vacuum toilets coupled with biogas plants, constructed wetlands, composting toilets and so forth.
These systems treat the waste as a moist solid, rather than in liquid suspension, and therefore separate urine from feces during treatment to maintain the correct moisture content in the system. An example of a composting toilet is the clivus multrum (Latin for 'inclined chamber'), which consists of an inclined chamber that separates urine and ...
The treatment system may be described using terms such as vermi-digester and vermi-trickling filter. When this kind of sanitation system is used to treat only the mixture of excreta and water from flush toilets or pour-flush toilets (called blackwater) then the term "toilet" is added to the name of the process, such as vermifilter toilet.
A treebog is a type of low-tech compost toilet. It consists of a raised platform above a compost pile surrounded by densely planted willow trees or other nutrient-hungry vegetation. It can be considered an example of permaculture design, as it functions as a system for converting urine and feces to biomass, without the need to handle excreta.
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