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Engine designers had always been aware of the many limitations of the rotary engine, so when static style engines became more reliable and gave better specific weights and fuel consumption, the days of the rotary engine were numbered. Rotary engines had a fundamentally inefficient total-loss oiling system. In order to reach the whole engine ...
“The types of devices we allege that Cummins installed in its engines to cheat federal environmental laws have a significant and harmful impact on people’s health and safety," Attorney General ...
The term Malaise era refers to a period in the U.S. automotive industry from roughly the early 1970s through the early to mid 1980s, characterized by malaise: poor products and a generalized industry unease [1] — an era of profound adjustment as the U.S. automotive industry adapted to meet wholly new demands for more fuel-efficient, safe and environmentally responsible products.
That bill was the Voinovich-Carper Diesel Emissions Reduction Act of 2010, which was the 3973 bill heard by the 111th Senate. S.3973 was first introduced to the Senate on November 18, 2010, but never made it passed the Senate floor. Possibly because The Diesel Emissions Reduction Act of 2010 (H.R. 5809) was already making its way in the Senate.
The Clean Air Act of 1963 (CAA) was passed as an extension of the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955, encouraging the federal government via the United States Public Health Service under the then-Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) to encourage research and development towards reducing pollution and working with states to establish their own emission reduction programs.
Section 202(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards "applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare" (emphasis added). [3]
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The automakers agreed to cease using the ambient temperature switches in the way the EPA said was in violation of the Clean Air Act, while insisting that the switches were not 'defeat devices' intended to evade rules. [4] The auto companies said the devices improved engine efficiency and actually reduced pollution. [5]