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Wistar rat. The Wistar rat is an outbred albino rat. This breed was developed at the Wistar Institute in 1906 for use in biological and medical research, and is notably the first rat developed to serve as a model organism at a time when laboratories primarily used the house mouse (Mus musculus).
Caspar Wistar (1761–1818), physician and anatomist, grandson of the glassmaker. Isaac J. Wistar (1827-1905), Union general and penologist. Wistar Institute, a biomedical research center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, named after the physician. Wistar rat, a strain of albino laboratory rats developed at the institute.
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Between 1908 and 1910, Wistar scientist Helen Dean King, Ph.D., developed and bred the Wistar rat, the first standardized laboratory animal model from which more than half of all laboratory rats today are thought to be descended. [14] The Institute also began publishing scientific journals under the Wistar Press.
Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is a laboratory rat which is an animal model of primary hypertension, used to study cardiovascular disease. It is the most studied model of hypertension measured as number of publications. [ 1 ]
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A closeup of a rat tail. The characteristic long tail of most rodents is a feature that has been extensively studied in various rat species models, which suggest three primary functions of this structure: thermoregulation, [13] minor proprioception, and a nocifensive-mediated degloving response. [14]
King participated in breeding the Wistar rat, a strain of genetically homogeneous albino rats for use in biological and medical research. [5] [6] [7] She died at age 85 on March 7, 1955, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. [1]