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  2. Chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 December 2024. DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell This article is about the DNA molecule. For the genetic algorithm, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm). Chromosome (10 7 - 10 10 bp) DNA Gene (10 3 - 10 6 bp) Function A chromosome and its packaged long strand of DNA unraveled. The DNA's ...

  3. List of organisms by chromosome count - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organisms_by...

    The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.

  4. Karyotype - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karyotype

    The basic number of chromosomes in the somatic cells of an individual or a species is called the somatic number and is designated 2n. In the germ-line (the sex cells) the chromosome number is n (humans: n = 23). [4] [5] p28 Thus, in humans 2n = 46. So, in normal diploid organisms, autosomal chromosomes are present in two copies.

  5. Chromosome 3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_3

    Chromosome 3 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 3 spans more than 198 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents about 6.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

  6. Cytogenetic notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytogenetic_notation

    Separates modal number (total number of chromosomes), sex chromosomes, and chromosome abnormalities -Loss of a chromosome ( ) Grouping for breakpoints and structurally altered chromosomes + Gain of a chromosome ; Separates rearranged chromosomes and breakpoints involving more than one chromosome / Separates cell lines or clones //

  7. Eukaryotic chromosome structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_chromosome...

    In eukaryotes, such as humans, roughly 3.2 billion nucleotides are spread out over 23 different chromosomes (males have both an X chromosome and a Y chromosome instead of a pair of X chromosomes as seen in females). Each chromosome consists enormously long linear DNA molecule associated with proteins that fold and pack the fine thread of DNA ...

  8. Ploidy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ploidy

    In general n is a multiple of x. The somatic cells in a wheat plant have six sets of 7 chromosomes: three sets from the egg and three sets from the sperm which fused to form the plant, giving a total of 42 chromosomes. As a formula, for wheat 2n = 6x = 42, so that the haploid number n is 21 and the monoploid number x is 7.

  9. Chromosome regions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_regions

    Other specific regions have also been defined, some of which are similarly found on every chromosome, while others are only present in certain chromosomes. Named regions include: Arms (p and q) Centromere; Kinetochore; Telomere; Sub telomere; satellite chromosome or trabant. NOR region