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Biodegradable polymers have a long history, and since many are natural products, the precise timeline of their discovery and use cannot be accurately traced. One of the first medicinal uses of a biodegradable polymer was the catgut suture , which dates back to at least 100 AD. [ 4 ]
The plant was projected to produce 350 000 metric tonnes per year of renewable LLDPE (linear low-density polyethylene), would begin construction in 2008, and was slated to start production in 2011. Benefits
A plastic is considered biodegradable if it can degrade into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass in a given time frame (dependent on different standards). Thus, the terms are not synonymous. Not all bioplastics are biodegradable. [44] An example of a non-biodegradable bioplastic is bio-based PET. PET is a petrochemical plastic, derived from ...
Bioplastics can be made from proteins from different sources. For example, wheat gluten and casein show promising properties as a raw material for different biodegradable polymers. [41] Additionally, soy protein is being considered as another source of bioplastic. Soy proteins have been used in plastic production for over one hundred years.
The plastic kits and covers are mostly made of synthetic polymers like polythene, and tires are manufactured from polybutadienes. [1] However, due to the environmental issues created by these synthetic polymers which are mostly non-biodegradable and often synthesized from petroleum, alternatives like bioplastics are also being considered.
Polyethylene or polythene film biodegrades naturally, albeit over a long period of time. Methods are available to make it more degradable under certain conditions of sunlight , moisture , oxygen , and composting and enhancement of biodegradation by reducing the hydrophobic polymer and increasing hydrophilic properties.
A prominent example is poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, the renewably derived polylactic acid. Others are the cellulose-based cellulose acetate and celluloid (cellulose nitrate). Polylactic acid is an example of a plastic that biodegrades quickly. Under low oxygen conditions plastics break down more slowly.
LDPE has SPI resin ID code 4 Schematic of LDPE branching structure. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic made from the monomer ethylene.It was the first grade of polyethylene, produced in 1933 by John C. Swallow and M.W Perrin who were working for Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization. [1]