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Ideally, the level of ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium compounds (i.e. those containing NH 4 +) in fish tanks should be zero. Although trace amounts are generally harmless, they can still lead to problems over time. [1] Understanding the nitrogen cycle is essential for the keeping of any aquatic life. The source of ammonia in fish tanks is fish's ...
The most deadly chemical in aquarium water is ammonia, produced from fish excretions. It is important to test for ammonia, since it is a chemical precursor of nitrites and nitrates, also harmful to fish. Ammonia is removed from the water through the nitrogen cycle, which takes place within the aquarium filter, which takes a few weeks to start ...
Wastewater quality indicators are laboratory test methodologies to assess suitability of wastewater for disposal, treatment or reuse. The main parameters in sewage that are measured to assess the sewage strength or quality as well as treatment options include: solids, indicators of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, indicators of fecal ...
All RAS relies on biofiltration to convert ammonia (NH 4 + and NH 3) excreted by the fish into nitrate. [4] Ammonia is a waste product of fish metabolism and high concentrations (>.02 mg/L) are toxic to most finfish. [5] Nitrifying bacteria are chemoautotrophs that convert ammonia into nitrite then nitrate.
Marine aquarists commonly test the water in the aquarium for a variety of chemical indicators of water quality. These include: Specific gravity, a relative measure of water density, is normally maintained between 1.020 and 1.024 in aquariums with fish only, and 1.023 and 1.026 for aquariums containing invertebrates. [21]
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Ammonium ions also have a toxic effect, especially on fish. The toxicity of ammonia is dependent on both pH and temperature and an added complexity is the buffering effect of the blood/water interface across the gill membrane which masks any additional toxicity over about pH 8.0. The management of river chemistry to avoid ecological damage is ...
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