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Bacteria and Archaea, the smallest organisms in soil apart from viruses, are prokaryotic. They are the most abundant microorganisms in the soil, and serve many important purposes, including nitrogen fixation. [9] Some bacteria can colonize minerals in the soil and help influence weathering and the breaking down of these minerals.
Antimicrobial use has been common practice for at least 2000 years. Ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks used specific molds and plant extracts to treat infection. [5]In the 19th century, microbiologists such as Louis Pasteur and Jules Francois Joubert observed antagonism between some bacteria and discussed the merits of controlling these interactions in medicine. [6]
Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste .
Cupcakes baked with baking soda as a raising agent. Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −).
But you can make your own baking powder: combine 2 tablespoons of baking soda with 1/4 cup of cream of tartar and pass it several times through a sifter. Some cooks believe the DIY baking powder ...
Soil harbors many microbes: bacteria, archaea, protist, fungi and viruses. [38] A majority of these microbes have not been cultured and remain undescribed. [39] Development of next generation sequencing technologies open up the avenue to investigate microbial diversity in soil.
A number of “vampire viruses” have been discovered in soil samples in Maryland and Missouri for the first time.. The existence of the eerily-nicknamed viruses has been known to researchers for ...
Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]