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The common toad, European toad, or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the toad (Bufo bufo, from Latin bufo "toad"), is a toad found throughout most of Europe (with the exception of Ireland, Iceland, parts of Scandinavia, and some Mediterranean islands), in the western part of North Asia, and in a small portion of Northwest Africa.
Toad is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In popular culture ( folk taxonomy ), toads are associated with drier, rougher skin and more terrestrial habitats. [ 3 ]
Bufo is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae.As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera, leaving only seventeen extant species from Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-known common toad (B. bufo). [1]
Mexican burrowing toad: Mexican burrowing toad (Rhinophrynus dorsalis) Scaphiopodidae (Cope, 1865) 2: American spadefoot toads: Western spadefoot toad (Spea hammondii) Neobatrachia - 26 families, 351 genera, more than 5,000 species Family Genera Common names Example species Example photo Allophrynidae (Goin, Goin, and Zug, 1978) 1: Tukeit Hill frog
Song of Common toad or European toad, Bufo bufo. Common toad, female and male on her back. A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs).
There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, and species. In addition, domain (proposed by Carl Woese) is now widely used as a fundamental rank, although it is not mentioned in any of the nomenclature codes, and is a synonym for dominion (Latin: dominium), introduced by Moore in 1974. [12] [13]
The Iranian earless toad (B. surdus) is a fairly small and plain-coloured species that has no visible tympanum [10]. Most Bufotes species, including all in mainland Europe, have upperparts that are pale to medium brownish, brownish-olive, greyish or cream and with a usually conspicuous pattern of irregularly shaped darker spots that are green or greenish-olive in colour.
Rhinella, commonly known as South American toads, beaked toads or Rio Viejo toads, is a genus of true toads native to Neotropical parts of Mexico, Central and South America.