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The anterior oral part is the visible part situated at the front and makes up roughly two-thirds the length of the tongue. The posterior pharyngeal part is the part closest to the throat, roughly one-third of its length. These parts differ in terms of their embryological development and nerve supply.
The lingual nerve supplies general somatic afferent (i.e. general sensory) innervation to the mucous membrane of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue (i.e. body of tongue) (whereas the posterior one-third (i.e. root of tongue) is innervated via the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) [citation needed]), the floor of the oral cavity, and the mandibular/inferior lingual gingiva.
Innervated by facial nerve (anterior papillae) and glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior papillae). Circumvallate papillae - there are only about 10 to 14 of these papillae on most people, and they are present at the back of the oral part of the tongue. They are arranged in a circular-shaped row just in front of the sulcus terminalis of the tongue.
Solitary nucleus: taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue and information from carotid sinus baroreceptors and carotid body chemoreceptors; Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve: Somatic sensory fibers from the internal surface of the tympanic membrane, middle ear, upper part of the pharynx, soft palate and posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital anomaly characterised by an abnormally short lingual frenulum; when severe, the tip of the tongue cannot be protruded beyond the lower incisor teeth. [6] There are two generalized classifications of ankyloglossia, anterior and posterior tongue-ties.
Lingual papillae, particularly filiform papillae, are thought to increase the surface area of the tongue and to increase the area of contact and friction between the tongue and food. [2] This may increase the tongue's ability to manipulate a bolus of food, and also to position food between the teeth during mastication (chewing) and swallowing.
Lingual tonsils are located on posterior aspect of tongue which is supplied through: [1] Lingual artery, branch of external carotid artery; Tonsillar artery; Ascending and descending palatine arteries; Ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid artery
Signs and symptoms of a sublingual space infection might include a firm, painful swelling in the anterior part of the floor of the mouth. A sublingual abscess may elevate the tongue and cause drooling or dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). There is usually little swelling visible on the face outside the mouth.