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According to the most recent study by EPA, when compared to the baseline of the 1970 and 1977 regulatory programs, by 2020 the updates initiated by the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments would be costing the United States about $60 billion per year, while benefiting the United States (in monetized health and lives saved) about $2 trillion per year. [77]
At the close of 1970, President Richard Nixon signed a series of amendments to the Clean Air Act into law. [29] The amendments established the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), New Source Performance Standards (NSPS); and National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs), and overall significantly strengthened ...
1967 – Air Quality Act (amendment to CAA) 1969 – Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act; 1969 – National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1970 – Reorganization Plan No. 3 created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by Presidential Executive Order; 1970 – Clean Air Act (Extension).
The Clean Air Act amendments of 1970 (CAA) and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act amendments of 1972 (Clean Water Act) moved environmental concerns in a new direction. The new CAA standards that were to be promulgated were unattainable with existing technology—they were technology-forcing.
United States vehicle emission standards are set through a combination of legislative mandates enacted by Congress through Clean Air Act (CAA) amendments from 1970 onwards, and executive regulations managed nationally by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and more recently along with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Amendments in 1967 and 1970 (the framework for today's U.S. Clean Air Act) imposed national air quality requirements, and placed administrative responsibility with the newly created Environmental Protection Agency. Major amendments followed in 1977 and 1990.
The criteria pollutants and their respective limits are defined in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, which were a part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 (P.L. 91-604, Sec. 109). The EPA has regulated each criteria pollutant through two different standards, primary and secondary. [2]
Reorganization Plan No. 3 was proposed by President Nixon in a message sent to Congress on July 9, 1970. [8] The plan was authorized by a 1966 amendment to Title 5 of the United States Code (Government Organization and Employees). [9] After conducting hearings during that summer, the House and Senate approved the proposal.