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A call for a next generation plate, to stop even greater velocity threats than the ESAPI plate was issued by the U.S. Army in 2008. [5] The X Threat Small Arms Protective Insert plates are specifically allowed scalar or flexible systems, and asked for better coverage, with less than a pound of additional weight.
Ceramic plates issued by the United States military are called Enhanced Small Arms Protective Inserts (ESAPI). The approximate weight for one NIJ Level III ceramic armor plate is 4.4 to 8 pounds (2.0 to 3.6 kg) for the typical size of 10 by 12 inches (25 by 30 cm).
A ballistic plate, also known as an armour plate, is a protective armoured plate inserted into a carrier or bulletproof vest, that can be used stand-alone, or in conjunction with other armour. "Hard armour" usually denotes armour that uses ballistic plates. It serves to defeat higher threats, and may be considered as a form of applique armour.
While E-SAPI plates do hold significant defensive advantages over the preceding SAPI plates, the increased protection comes at the cost of increased weight and significantly increased cost. Comparing medium-sized plates, a SAPI plate weighs 1.82 kg (4.0 lb) while an E-SAPI plate weighs 2.5 kg (5.5 lb), over a 35 percent increase in weight. [15]
Broadly, there are three basic types of hard armor ballistic plates: ceramic plate-based systems, steel plate with spall fragmentation protective coating (or backer), and hard fiber-based laminate systems. These hard armor plates may be designed to be used stand-alone or "In-Conjunction" with soft armor backers, also called "plate backers".
This is roughly equivalent to the obsolete NIJ Level II ballistic protection level. [10] NIJ HG2 9mm Luger.44 Magnum: This armor would protect against: 124 grain 9mm Luger Full Metal Jacketed Round Nose (FMJ RN) at a velocity of 1470 ft/s (448 m/s) 240 grain .44 Magnum Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP) at a velocity of 1430 ft/s (436 m/s).
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