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Recrystallization is a method used to purify chemicals by dissolving a mixture of a compound and its impurities, in an appropriate solvent, prior to heating the solution. [1] Following the dissolution of crude product, the mixture will passively cool, yielding a crystallized compound and its impurities as separate entities.
It was invented by Lyman C. Craig and Otto W. Post. [1] A Craig tube consists of two parts. The first is a stout-walled test tube with a working volume of about 1-5 ml (say, 7-8 cm in length and 1-1.5 cm in diameter). There is a constriction towards the open end of the tube.
For S N 1 reactions the solvent's ability to stabilize the intermediate carbocation is of direct importance to its viability as a suitable solvent. The ability of polar solvents to increase the rate of S N 1 reactions is a result of the polar solvent's solvating the reactant intermediate species, i.e., the carbocation, thereby decreasing the ...
It is a white extremely hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water, alcohols, and other polar organic solvents. [6] The CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 2 group is known as the tosyl group and is often abbreviated as Ts or Tos. Most often, TsOH refers to the monohydrate, TsOH. H 2 O. [6] As with other aryl sulfonic acids, TsOH is a strong organic acid.
Figure 1: Melting point phase diagram (using the Schroeder – van Laar Equation) of a prototypical diastereomeric system. nb. utility in a solvent mediated crystallization implicitly assumes ideal behaviour (in that changing the solvent will not change the composition of the binary eutectic).
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... move to sidebar hide. Recrystallization may refer to: Recrystallization (chemistry) Recrystallization ...
A solvent is chosen in which the desired product is insoluble and the undesired by-products are very soluble or vice versa. For example, when the impurities are soluble and the desired product is not, the crude material is washed with the solvent and filtered, leaving the purified product in solid form and any impurities in solution.
Azobisisobutyronitrile (abbreviated AIBN [1]) is an organic compound with the formula [(CH 3) 2 C(CN)] 2 N 2. This white powder is soluble in alcohols and common organic solvents but is insoluble in water. It is often used as a foamer in plastics and rubber and as a radical initiator.