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Gnosis is a feminine Greek noun which means "knowledge" or "awareness." [10] It is often used for personal knowledge compared with intellectual knowledge (εἴδειν eídein), as with the French connaître compared with savoir, the Portuguese conhecer compared with saber, the Spanish conocer compared with saber, the Italian conoscere compared with sapere, the German kennen rather than ...
Oku no Hosomichi (奥の細道, originally おくのほそ道), translated as The Narrow Road to the Deep North and The Narrow Road to the Interior, is a major work of haibun by the Japanese poet Matsuo Bashō, considered one of the major texts of Japanese literature of the Edo period. [1] The first edition was published posthumously in 1702. [2]
The use of honkadori attempts to affect the reader in the same way as the original poem, the only difference being in the meaning and atmosphere. Debates occur while interpreting poems over the difference between honkadori and seishi (lines from poetry which have already been used and are not allowed to be repeated. [citation needed]
Classical Japanese began to be written during the Heian period, at which point it was very similar to spoken Japanese. It became the written standard for the Japanese language for many centuries, though the spoken language continued to evolve and by the Edo period was substantially different from classical Japanese. [2]
Kagerō Nikki (蜻蛉日記, The Mayfly Diary, commonly referred to as The Gossamer Years) is a work of classical Japanese literature, written around 974, that falls under the genre of nikki bungaku, or diary literature. The author of Kagerō Nikki was a woman known only as the Mother of Michitsuna.
Early Modern Japanese (近世日本語, kinsei nihongo) was the stage of the Japanese language after Middle Japanese and before Modern Japanese. [1] It is a period of transition that shed many of the characteristics that Middle Japanese had retained during the language's development from Old Japanese , thus becoming intelligible to modern Japanese.
The dialects of Eastern Old Japanese were replaced by the Kyoto dialect (Middle Japanese), the descendant of Western Old Japanese during the Heian period (between the 8th and the 12th centuries). [18] However, there are still modern traces of this variety: The relic language Hachijō, spoken on the Izu Islands but on the verge of extinction ...
Because of the lengthy nature of the works, individual books were often gathered together and bound into larger volumes, which is reflected in the Japanese term for the genre (lit. "bound volume"). Gōkan , along with the rest of the kusazōshi varieties, belong to the literary genre of Edo literature known as gesaku (戯作).