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  2. Toxicology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicology

    Toxicology is currently contributing to the field of cancer research, since some toxins can be used as drugs for killing tumor cells. One prime example of this is ribosome-inactivating proteins, tested in the treatment of leukemia. [2]

  3. Pharmacotoxicology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacotoxicology

    If a drug can bind to unexpected proteins, receptors, or enzymes that can alter different pathways other than those desired for treatment, severe downstream effects can develop. An example of this is the drug eplerenone (aldosterone receptor antagonist), which should increase aldosterone levels, but has shown to produce atrophy of the prostate. [3]

  4. Medical toxicology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_toxicology

    Medical toxicology is a subspecialty of medicine focusing on toxicology and providing the diagnosis, management, and prevention of poisoning and other adverse effects due to medications, occupational and environmental toxicants, and biological agents. [1]

  5. Pharmacotherapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacotherapy

    Pharmacotherapy, also known as pharmacological therapy or drug therapy, is defined as medical treatment that utilizes one or more pharmaceutical drugs to improve ongoing symptoms (symptomatic relief), treat the underlying condition, or act as a prevention for other diseases (prophylaxis).

  6. Forensic toxicology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_toxicology

    Forensic toxicology is a multidisciplinary field that combines the principles of toxicology with expertise in disciplines such as analytical chemistry, pharmacology and clinical chemistry to aid medical or legal investigation of death, poisoning, and drug use. [1]

  7. Route of administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration

    In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. [ 1 ] Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied.

  8. Therapeutic index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_index

    The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose.It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1]

  9. Pharmacology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology

    Both pharmacology and toxicology are scientific disciplines that focus on understanding the properties and actions of chemicals. [23] However, pharmacology emphasizes the therapeutic effects of chemicals, usually drugs or compounds that could become drugs, whereas toxicology is the study of chemical's adverse effects and risk assessment. [23]