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The first residential building of slipform construction; erected in 1950 in Västertorp, Sweden, by AB Bygging Later picture of the residential building in Västertorp. Slip forming, continuous poured, continuously formed, or slipform construction is a construction method in which concrete is placed into a form that may be in continuous motion horizontally, or incrementally raised vertically.
Short forms, up to 60 cm high, are placed on both sides of the wall to serve as a guide for the stone work. The stones are placed inside the forms with the good faces against the form work. Concrete is poured in behind the rocks. Rebar is added for strength, to make a wall that is approximately half reinforced concrete and half stonework. The ...
Sliding formwork consists of continuously moving a formwork at a speed between 10 and 30 cm per hour. This technique avoids concrete resumption. [ 16 ] The Tsing Ma Bridge (1997) in Hong Kong, the Skarnsundet Bridge (1991), or the Helgeland Bridge (1990) in Norway were built using this method.
By the 1960s, prestressed concrete largely superseded reinforced concrete bridges in the UK, with box girders being the dominant form. [41] In short-span bridges of around 10 to 40 metres (30 to 130 ft), prestressing is commonly employed in the form of precast pre-tensioned girders or planks. [42]
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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
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The first concrete reinforced bridge was designed and built by Joseph Monier in 1875. ... such as slip forming and steel plate construction. Alternatively, ...