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Gender roles in Islam are based on scriptures, cultural traditions, and jurisprudence. The Quran, the holy book of Islam, indicates that both men and women are spiritually equal. The Quran states: "Those who do good, whether male or female, and have faith will enter Paradise and will never be wronged; even as much as the speck on a date stone." [1]
Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical of restrictions placed on women regarding education, seclusion, veiling, polygyny, slavery, and concubinage. Modern Muslims have questioned these practices and advocated for reform. [1] There is an ongoing debate about the status of women in Islam.
Other Muslim-majority states with notably more women university students than men include Kuwait, where 41% of females attend university compared with 18% of males; [151] Bahrain, where the ratio of women to men in tertiary education is 2.18:1; [151] Brunei Darussalam, where 33% of women enroll at university vis à vis 18% of men; [151] Tunisia ...
In terms of actual practice, the degree of adherence to these rules depends on local laws and cultural norms. In some Muslim-majority countries, men and women who are unrelated may be forbidden to interact closely or participate in the same social spaces. In other Muslim countries, these practices may be partly or completely unobserved.
Donna Lee Bowen writes in Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an that it was "common enough among the pre-Islamic Arabs to be assigned a specific term, waŹ¾d " [15] Some historians believe it was once common, but had been in steep decline in the decades leading up to Islam, [16] while others believe it occurred with some regularity as a means of birth ...
Fatayat NU, a voluntary Muslim women's organization, was created in 1950 for middle-aged women who were a part of Nahdlatul Ulama, a Sunni Islam group, and wanted to have a voice. Initially experiencing membership issues due to large percentage of women who were married or uneducated, Fatayat NU began to gain power as institutions outside of ...
The ability of women to bear children is a significant attribute used by the Quran in a number of verses to uplift the status of women. [28] [29] One such chapter states "And We have enjoined man in respect of his parents--his mother bears him with fainting upon fainting and his weaning takes two years--saying: Be grateful to Me and to both ...
Although Islam permits women to divorce for domestic violence, they are subject to the laws of their nation which might make it quite difficult for a woman to obtain a divorce. [3] Most women's rights activists concede that while divorce can provide potential relief, it does not constitute an adequate protection or even an option for many women ...