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The introduction of the first-generation antihistamines marked the beginning of medical treatment of nasal allergies. [28] Research into these drugs led to the discovery that they were H 1 receptor antagonists and also to the development of H 2 receptor antagonists , where H 1 -antihistamines affected the nose and the H 2 -antihistamines ...
Hydroxyzine works by blocking the effects of histamine. [9] It is a first-generation antihistamine in the piperazine family of chemicals. [8] [4] Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, and dry mouth. [8] [9] Serious side effects may include QT prolongation. [9] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [8]
The newer, second-generation H 1-antihistamines are far more selective for peripheral histamine H 1-receptors and have a better tolerability profile compared to the first-generation agents. The most common adverse effects noted for second-generation agents include drowsiness, fatigue, headache, nausea and dry mouth.
H 1-receptor antagonists are competitive inhibitor of histamine receptor H 1 and are used to treat allergies. This group is often referred simply as antihistamines . Wikimedia Commons has media related to H1 receptor antagonists .
H1-antihistamines are further split into three groups known as the first-generation, second-generation and third-generation antihistamines. Another type of antihistamines known as H2-antihistamines are used to treat gastrointestinal conditions caused by excessive stomach acid. [8] Mechanism
Meclizine, sold under the brand name Bonine, among others, is an antihistamine used to treat motion sickness and dizziness . [3] It is taken by mouth. [3] Effects generally begin in an hour and last for up to a day. [3] Common side effects include sleepiness and dry mouth. [3] Serious side effects may include allergic reactions. [3]
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