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Mengistu Haile Mariam (Amharic: መንግሥቱ ኀይለ ማርያም, pronunciation: [mənɡɨstu haɪlə marjam]; born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian former politician and former military officer who was the head of state of Ethiopia from 1977 to 1991 and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Ethiopia from 1984 to 1991.
The head of the Derg, Mengistu Haile Mariam (in office 1977–1991), who fled to Zimbabwe, and other 22 Derg members were sentenced in absentia to life imprisonment on 11 January 2007. On the whole, the Derg was accused of human rights violations, including genocide, crimes against humanity, torture, rape and forced disappearances. The Special ...
2 years, 67 days Military — – Lieutenant colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam (born 1937) 3 February 1977 10 September 1987 10 years, 219 days Military COPWE WPE — • People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1987–1991) • 1: Mengistu Haile Mariam (born 1937) 10 September 1987 21 May 1991 (Resigned) 3 years, 253 days WPE: 1987 – Tesfaye ...
The Derg (or Dergue; Amharic: ደርግ, lit. ' committee ' or ' council '), officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC), [4] [5] was the military dictatorship that ruled Ethiopia, then including present-day Eritrea, from 1974 to 1987, when the military junta formally "civilianized" the administration but stayed in power until 1991.
The Mengistu Haile Mariam-led military dictatorship used this 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia as government military policy by restricting food supplies for strategy against the counter-insurgency of the Tigray People's Liberation Front's guerrilla-soldiers, and for "social transformation" in non-insurgent areas (against people of Tigray ...
Mengistu Haile Mariam Ethiopia: May 21, 1937: Head of state (1977-1987) President (1987-1991) Living: Convicted in absentia: Benito Mussolini Italy: July 29, 1883: Prime minister (1922–1943) April 28, 1945: Executed by firing squad Imre Nagy Hungary: June 7, 1896: Prime minister (1953–1955, 1956) June 16, 1958: Executed by hanging Mohammad ...
In May 1991, the PDRE was defeated in Eritrea and President Mengistu Haile Mariam fled the country. The Ethiopian Civil War ended on 28 May 1991 when the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of left-wing ethnic rebel groups, entered the capital Addis Ababa .
In early 1990, Mengistu provided emigration of Ethiopian Jews to Israel. The Israeli lobbying campaign peaked on behalf of Mengistu with the February's visit to Israeli foreign minister official to Washington. Many Jewish organizations and leaders even from US Congress discerned Mengistu's task in the lobbying effort. [4]