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In general, communication disorders commonly refer to problems in speech (comprehension and/or expression) that significantly interfere with an individual's achievement and/or quality of life. Knowing the operational definition of the agency performing an assessment or giving a diagnosis may help. [3]
While autistic children exhibit pragmatic language impairment, this type of communication disorder can also be found in individuals with other types of disorders including auditory processing disorders, neuropathies, encephalopathies, and certain genetic disorders.
The term libretto is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as the Mass, requiem and sacred cantata, or the story line of a ballet. The Italian word libretto ( pronounced [liˈbretto] , plural libretti [liˈbretti] ) is the diminutive of the word libro ("book").
Similarly, neuroscientists have come to learn much about music cognition by studying music-specific disorders. Even though music is most often viewed from a "historical perspective rather than a biological one" [ 1 ] music has significantly gained the attention of neuroscientists all around the world.
Another source has estimated that communication disorders—a larger category, which also includes hearing disorders—affect one of every 10 people in the United States. [ 13 ] ASHA has cited that 24.1% of children in school in the fall of 2003 received services for speech or language disorders—this amounts to a total of 1,460,583 children ...
Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder (DSM-IV 315.32) [1] is a communication disorder in which both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe. [2] Children with this disorder have difficulty understanding words and sentences.
A late talker is a toddler experiencing late language emergence (LLE), [2] [3] which can also be an early or secondary sign of an autism spectrum disorder, or other developmental disorders, such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, learning disability, social communication disorder, or specific language impairment.
Studies show that CD is associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders history in the family, among their parents and siblings. [19] Children’s level of CD will link to the way of communication between parents. The parents who both have a pathologic affective style of communication will lead a high level of CD in their children.