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A civil service official, also known as a public servant or public employee, is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency for public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central and local governments, and answer to the government, not a political party.
A public service may sometimes have the characteristics of a public good (being non rivalrous and non excludable), but most are services which may (according to prevailing social norms) be under-provided by the market. In most cases public services are services, i.e. they do not involve manufacturing of goods.
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 ( 5 U.S.C. § 2101 ). [ 1 ]
In the United States, government employees includes the U.S. federal civil service, employees of the state governments, and employees of local governments. [ citation needed ] Government employees are not necessarily the same as civil servants, as some jurisdictions specifically define which employees are civil servants; for example, it often ...
Public Service Motivation (PSM) is an attribute of government and non-governmental organization employment that explains why individuals have a desire to serve the public and link their personal actions with the overall public interest. Understanding the theory and practice of PSM is important in determining the motivations of individuals who ...
In the public sector, ethics addresses the fundamental premise of a public administrator's duty as a "steward" to the public. In other words, it is the moral justification and consideration for decisions and actions made during the completion of daily duties when working to provide the general services of government and nonprofit organizations.
Jackson maintained that to perform well in public office, did not require special intelligence or training and rotating the office would ensure that the government did not develop corrupt civil servants. The system was viewed as a reward to supporters of the party and a way to build a stronger government.
The Servant Leadership Journal: An 18 Week Journey to Transform You and Your Organization ISBN 978-0-998-67110-9; Ken Blanchard, Leading at a Higher Level (Chapter 12), ISBN 0-13-234772-5; Peter Block. Stewardship ISBN 1-881052-86-9; Jim Boyd, A Servant Leader's Journey, ISBN 978-0-8091-4568-3; Max DePree, Leadership is an Art ISBN 0-440-50324-8