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The equilibrium is determined by the acid and base dissociation constants (K a and K b) of the involved substances. A special case of the acid-base reaction is the neutralization where an acid and a base, taken at the exact same amounts, form a neutral salt. Acid-base reactions can have different definitions depending on the acid-base concept ...
Metals react with acids to form salts and hydrogen gas. Liberation of hydrogen gas when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid. + () + [2] [3] However less reactive metals can not displace the hydrogen from acids. [3] (They may react with oxidizing acids though.)
Medicine: Organic synthesis plays a vital role in drug discovery, allowing chemists to develop and optimize new drugs by modifying organic molecules. [9] Additionally, the synthesis of metal complexes for medical imaging and cancer treatments is a key application of chemical synthesis, enabling advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. [10]
An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...
A broader definition of acid dissociation includes hydrolysis, in which protons are produced by the splitting of water molecules. For example, boric acid, B(OH) 3, acts as a weak acid, even though it is not a proton donor, because of the hydrolysis equilibrium B(OH) 3 + H 2 O ⇌ B(OH) − 4 + H +. Similarly, metal ion hydrolysis causes ions ...
In chemistry, an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acid–base theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
For acid–base reactions, the equivalent weight of an acid or base is the mass which supplies or reacts with one mole of hydrogen cations (H + For redox reactions , the equivalent weight of each reactant supplies or reacts with one mole of electrons (e − ) in a redox reaction .
Adducts involving metal ions are usually described as coordination complexes. [13] According to the original formulation of Lewis, when a neutral base forms a bond with a neutral acid, a condition of electric stress occurs. [7] The acid and the base share the electron pair that formerly belonged to the base. [7]