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  2. Command-line argument parsing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_argument_parsing

    PHP uses argc as a count of arguments and argv as an array containing the values of the arguments. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] To create an array from command-line arguments in the -foo:bar format, the following might be used:

  3. Ellipsis (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsis_(computer...

    In some programming languages (including Ada, Perl, Ruby, Apache Groovy, Kotlin, Haskell, and Pascal), a shortened two-dot ellipsis is used to represent a range of values given two endpoints; for example, to iterate through a list of integers between 1 and 100 inclusive in Perl: foreach (1..100)

  4. Metasyntactic variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntactic_variable

    In Japanese, the words hoge (ほげ) [5] and fuga (ふが) are commonly used, with other common words and variants being piyo (ぴよ), hogera (ほげら), and hogehoge (ほげほげ). [ 6 ] [ circular reference ] The origin of hoge as a metasyntactic variable is not known, but it is believed to date to the early 1980s.

  5. Parameter (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parameter_(computer...

    In the most common case, call by value, a parameter acts within the subroutine as a new local variable initialized to the value of the argument (a local (isolated) copy of the argument if the argument is a variable), but in other cases, e.g. call by reference, the argument variable supplied by the caller can be affected by actions within the ...

  6. Named parameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter

    With named parameters, it is usually possible to provide the arguments in any order, since the parameter name attached to each argument identifies its purpose. This reduces the connascence between parts of the program. A few languages support named parameters but still require the arguments to be provided in a specific order.

  7. Function overloading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_overloading

    The functions must have different type signatures, i.e. differ in the number or the types of their formal parameters (as in C++) or additionally in their return type (as in Ada). [ 9 ] Function overloading is usually associated with statically-typed programming languages that enforce type checking in function calls .

  8. Function object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_object

    Much of the C++ Standard Template Library (STL) makes heavy use of template-based function objects. Another way to create a function object in C++ is to define a non-explicit conversion function to a function pointer type, a function reference type, or a reference to function pointer type.

  9. Operator overloading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_overloading

    Addition is a binary operation, which means it has two operands.In C++, the arguments being passed are the operands, and the temp object is the returned value.. The operation could also be defined as a class method, replacing lhs by the hidden this argument; However, this forces the left operand to be of type Time: