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Artist's concept of the proposed Europa Lander mission. The list of proposed missions to the outer planets is a listing of concept studies for an uncrewed or crewed mission to gas giants. Proposed missions to gas giants are typically based on engineering and scientific assessments of technological capabilities at the time of study.
Flyby; discovered Dactyl; first asteroid with a moon visited by a spacecraft, largest asteroid visited by spacecraft at the time. 253 Mathilde: 66 × 48 × 46 (58 km) 1885 NEAR Shoemaker: 1997 1,212: 49.5 Flyby; largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft at the time. 433 Eros: 34 × 11 × 11 (17 km) 1898 NEAR Shoemaker: 1998–2001 landed: landed
Comet Mission Outcome Remarks Carrier rocket [2] ICE (ISEE-3) 12 August 1978: NASA United States / ESA: 21P/Giacobini–Zinner: Flyby Successful Extended mission; Closest approach of 7,862 kilometres (4,885 mi) at 11:02 UTC on 11 September 1985. Also made distant observations of 1P/Halley in May 1986. [3] Delta 2914: Vega 1 (5VK No.901) 15 ...
Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour (not detected). SMART-1: ESA: 3 September 2006: Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Chandrayaan-1 Moon Impact Probe India: 14 November 2008: Impactor. Water found. SELENE Rstar (Okina) Japan: 12 February 2009
Lunar orbiter, a secondary payload on the IM-2 mission [6] EscaPADE: Spring 2025 Two Mars orbiters [7] Tianwen-2: May 2025 Asteroid 469219 Kamoʻoalewa sample return, comet 311P/PanSTARRS orbiter [8] Artemis II: April 2026 4-person lunar flyby [9] [10] Martian Moons eXploration: 2026 Martian moon sample return mission [11] Chang'e 7: 2026
In 2025, the sky will be illuminated by 12 full Moons, plenty of meteor showers, four eclipses and three Supermoons. Here's a calendar with the best astronomical events you won't want to miss ...
COmet Rendezvous, Sample Acquisition, Investigation, and Return (CORSAIR) is a concept mission to return comet nucleus samples to Earth for detailed analysis.The mission concept was submitted in May 2017 by a team from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in response to the New Frontiers program call for mission 4, but did not pass the initial down selection.
Our lunar neighbour has been crowding out the view – but it is finally giving way to rare visitor