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  2. User Account Control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Account_Control

    Windows 1.0–3.11 and Windows 9x: all applications had privileges equivalent to the operating system;; All versions of Windows NT up to, and including, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003: introduced multiple user-accounts, but in practice most users continued to function as an administrator for their normal operations.

  3. Privilege escalation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privilege_escalation

    Running applications with least privilege (for example by running Internet Explorer with the Administrator SID disabled in the process token) in order to reduce the ability of buffer overrun exploits to abuse the privileges of an elevated user. Requiring kernel mode code to be digitally signed. Patching; Use of compilers that trap buffer ...

  4. Mandatory Integrity Control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_Integrity_Control

    Mandatory Integrity Control is defined using a new access control entry (ACE) type to represent the object's IL in its security descriptor.In Windows, Access Control Lists (ACLs) are used to grant access rights (read, write, and execute permissions) and privileges to users or groups.

  5. Principle of least privilege - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_least_privilege

    For example, on Windows a solution with no device drivers can be run directly with no installation, while device drivers must be installed separately using the Windows installer service in order to grant the driver elevated privileges. [3] In practice, there exist multiple competing definitions of true (least privilege).

  6. Privilege (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privilege_(computing)

    A privilege is applied for by either an executed program issuing a request for advanced privileges, or by running some program to apply for the additional privileges. An example of a user applying for additional privileges is provided by the sudo command to run a command as superuser user, or by the Kerberos authentication system.

  7. PowerShell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShell

    PowerShell is a task automation and configuration management program from Microsoft, consisting of a command-line shell and the associated scripting language.Initially a Windows component only, known as Windows PowerShell, it was made open-source and cross-platform on August 18, 2016, with the introduction of PowerShell Core. [5]

  8. Confused deputy problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confused_deputy_problem

    In the original example of a confused deputy, [3] there was a compiler program provided on a commercial timesharing service. Users could run the compiler and optionally specify a filename where it would write debugging output, and the compiler would be able to write to that file if the user had permission to write there.

  9. Windows Subsystem for Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux

    An instance with elevated privileges must be launched in order to get "sudo" to give administrator privileges, and allow such access. [7] WSL 1 is not capable of running all Linux software, such as 32-bit binaries, [41] [42] or those that require specific Linux kernel services not implemented in WSL. Due to a total lack of Linux in WSL 1 ...