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  2. Non-coding DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-coding_DNA

    Genes take up about 30% of the pufferfish genome and the coding DNA is about 10%. (Non-coding DNA = 90%.) The reduced size of the pufferfish genome is due to a reduction in the length of introns and less repetitive DNA. [8] [9] Utricularia gibba, a bladderwort plant, has a very small nuclear genome (100.7 Mb) compared to most plants.

  3. Junk DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junk_DNA

    Junk DNA (non-functional DNA) is a DNA sequence that has no known biological function. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Most organisms have some junk DNA in their genomes —mostly, pseudogenes and fragments of transposons and viruses—but it is possible that some organisms have substantial amounts of junk DNA.

  4. Conserved non-coding sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conserved_non-coding_sequence

    A conserved non-coding sequence (CNS) is a DNA sequence of noncoding DNA that is evolutionarily conserved. These sequences are of interest for their potential to regulate gene production. [1] CNSs in plants [2] and animals [1] are highly associated with transcription factor binding sites and other cis-acting regulatory elements.

  5. Pseudogene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudogene

    Eventually pseudogenes may be deleted from their genomes by chance of DNA replication or DNA repair errors, or they may accumulate so many mutational changes that they are no longer recognizable as former genes. Analysis of these degeneration events helps clarify the effects of non-selective processes in genomes.

  6. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    The total amount of coding DNA is about 1-2% of the genome. [18] [16] Many people divide the genome into coding and non-coding DNA based on the idea that coding DNA is the most important functional component of the genome. About 98-99% of the human genome is non-coding DNA.

  7. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    The pair of chains have a radius of 10 Å (1.0 nm). [9] According to another study, when measured in a different solution, the DNA chain measured 22–26 Å (2.22.6 nm) wide, and one nucleotide unit measured 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) long. [10] The buoyant density of most DNA is 1.7g/cm 3. [11]

  8. DNA annotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_annotation

    [2] [9] [10] In the late 2000s, genome annotation shifted its attention towards identifying non-coding regions in DNA, which was achieved thanks to the appearance of methods to analyze transcription factor binding sites, DNA methylation sites, chromatin structure, and other RNA and regulatory region analysis techniques.

  9. Non-coding RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-coding_RNA

    A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as ...

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