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Modern military forces use chaff to distract active radar homing missiles from their targets. Military aircraft and warships can be equipped with chaff dispensing systems for self-defense. During its midcourse phase , an intercontinental ballistic missile may release chaff along with its other penetration aids .
A flare or decoy flare is an aerial infrared countermeasure used by an aircraft to counter an infrared homing ("heat-seeking") surface-to-air missile or air-to-air missile. Flares are commonly composed of a pyrotechnic composition based on magnesium or another hot-burning metal, with burning temperature equal to or hotter than engine exhaust.
The AN/ALE-47 Airborne Countermeasures Dispenser System is used to protect military aircraft from incoming radar and infrared homing missiles. It works by dispensing flares or chaff. It is used on a variety of U.S. Air Force, Navy, and Army aircraft, as well as in other militaries.
The Type 055 also features a single box launcher with 25 HHQ-10 short-range SAMs, four Type 726 defensive launchers capable of launching chaff, flares, and decoys, 2 triple-tubed torpedo launchers ...
An ALQ-144 jammer mounted on an OV-10 Bronco.. The AN/ALQ-144, AN/ALQ-147, and AN/ALQ-157 are US infrared guided missile countermeasure devices ().They were developed by Sanders Associates in the 1970s to counter the threat of infrared guided surface-to-air missiles like the 9K32 Strela-2.
Praetorian DASS 1. Laser warners 2. Flare launchers (IR decoys) 3. Chaff dispensers 4. Missile warners 5. Wingtip pods for ESCM 6. Towed decoy . The EuroDASS Praetorian DASS is an integral part of Eurofighter Typhoon defensive Aid Sub-System (DASS) [1] providing threat assessment, aircraft protection and support measures in extremely hostile and severe environments.
Chaff and flare Counter Measure Dispenser System (CMDS) [20] F-104 Starfighter, F-4 Phantom II: AN/ALE-41: Chaff (countermeasure) dispenser [21] AN/ALE-44: Chaff/flare dispensing pod [22] Tactical, support, drones, and strike aircraft capable of supersonic flight: Southwest Aerospace AN/ALE-45: Chaff/flare countermeasure dispenser: F-15 Eagle
The Common Missile Warning System, or CMWS, consists of missile warning sensors operating in the solar-blind ultra-violet wavelengths capable of detecting incoming missile threats and an electronic control unit that informs the aircraft crew of the threat, automatically triggering flare/chaff countermeasures. [15]