Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Union of India, the Supreme Court declared two provisions of the 42nd Amendment as unconstitutional which prevent any constitutional amendment from being "called in question in any Court on any ground" and accord precedence to the Directive Principles of State Policy over the Fundamental Rights of individuals respectively.
The Constitution spells out governmental powers with so much detail that many matters addressed by statute in other democracies must be addressed via constitutional amendment in India. As a result, the Constitution is amended roughly twice a year. The main purpose of the amendments is to become more relevant.
The first category of amendments are those contemplated in articles 4 (2), 169, 239A (2), 239AA (7b), 243M (4b), 243ZC (3), 244A (4), 312(4), para 7(2) of Schedule V and para 21(2) of Schedule VI. [4] These amendments can be effected by Parliament by a simple majority such as that required for the passing of any ordinary law. The amendments ...
Despite the supermajority requirement for amendments to pass, the Indian constitution is the world's most frequently-amended national governing document. [62] The constitution is so specific in spelling out government powers that many amendments address issues dealt with by statute in other democracies.
File:Amendments to the Constitution of India.pdf. Add languages. Page contents not supported in other languages. ...
Before the 42nd amendment, Article 74(1) stated that, "there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions". However, there was a slight ambiguity whether the advice of the Council of Ministers is binding on the President.
The Forty-third Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as the Constitution (Forty-third Amendment) Act, 1977, repealed six articles that had been inserted into the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment which had been enacted by the Indira Gandhi-led Indian National Congress during the Emergency.
The Directive Principles, which were also drafted by the sub-committee on Fundamental Rights, expounded the socialist precepts of the Indian independence movement, and were inspired by similar principles contained in the Irish Constitution. [16] The Fundamental Duties were later added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. [17]