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Hagia Sophia, [a] officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque, [b] is a mosque and former church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The last of three church buildings to be successively erected on the site by the Eastern Roman Empire, it was completed in AD 537.
Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles originally planned on a main hall of the Hagia Sophia that measured 70 by 75 metres (230 x 250 ft), making it the largest church in Constantinople, but the original dome was nearly 6 metres (20 ft) lower than it was constructed, “Justinian suppressed these riots and took the opportunity of marking ...
The dome and semi-domes of the Hagia Sophia, in particular, were replicated and refined. A "universal mosque design" based upon this development spread throughout the world. [250] The first Ottoman mosque to use a dome and semi-dome nave vaulting scheme like that of Hagia Sophia was the mosque of Beyazit II.
[10] [11] [9] The Hagia Sophia held the title of largest church in the world until the Ottoman Empire sieged the Byzantine capital. After the fall of Constantinople, the church was used by the Muslims for their religious services until 1931, when it was reopened as a museum in 1935. Translated from Greek, the name Hagia Sophia means "Holy ...
For example, the Hagia Sophia is included; it was originally built as a church but currently operates as a mosque. [a] Buildings that have become churches, but which were not built for that purpose, are not included; for example, the Lakewood Church building, which was originally built to be the Compaq Center. The building must still be standing.
Name City Country Age Notes Hagia Sophia: Constantinople (): Turkey: 6th c. Turned into a mosque after 1453, was a museum and now it is reverting to a mosque.
The carvings on the architrave were deeply tied to the liturgy. Another templon roughly contemporary to Hagia Sophia's is that of the church to St. John of Ephesus, rebuilt by Justinian as a domed crucifix. [13] There was an inscription to St. John the Theologian over a side door, since the crypt of the saint was within the enclosed sanctuary. St.
According to the basilical theory, the crucial intermediary buildings were the so-called "cross-domed" churches of the seventh and eighth centuries (e.g. Hagia Sophia in Thessaloniki and the Church of the Koimesis in Nicaea), [24] while according to the latter theory the corners of cruciform churches were simply "filled in" (as for example at ...