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Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae consist of the process of the last lumbar vertebra fusing with the first sacral segment. [1] While only around 10 percent of adults have a spinal abnormality due to genetics, a sixth lumbar vertebra is one of the more common abnormalities. [2] Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the ...
Serious skin findings are more rare than these other more typical findings. There are also a number of musculoskeletal findings. They all result from the effects of the lipoma on the spine. Abnormal curvature of the spine, scoliosis, and deformities of the spine and legs distal to the lipoma are common. Due to the proximity of the lipomas to ...
Many people with this type of spina bifida do not even know they have it, as the condition is asymptomatic in most cases. [21] A systematic review of radiographic research studies found no relationship between spina bifida occulta and back pain. [23] More recent studies not included in the review support the negative findings. [24] [25] [26]
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [3] [4] [5] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [6]
The conus medullaris (or lower termination of the spinal cord) normally terminates at or above the L1-2 disk space (where L1 is the first, or topmost lumbar vertebra). After about 3 months of age, a conus below the L1-2 disk space may indicate a tethered cord and termination below L3-4 is unmistakably tethered.
It is a congenital disorder in which the fetal development of the lower spine—the caudal partition of the spine—is abnormal. [1] It occurs at a rate of approximately one per 60,000 live births. [2] Some babies are born with very small differences compared to typical development, and others have significant changes.
[2] [3] It occurs in 1 in 2500 live births. [3] It occurs as a dermal indentation, found along the midline of the neuraxis and often presents alongside infection and neurological deficit. [ 2 ] Congenital dermal sinus form due to a focal failure of dysjunction between the cutaneous ectoderm and neuroectoderm during the third to eight week of ...
Dural ectasia can be asymptomatic, in which case no intervention is necessary. However, it is associated with chronic pain in patients with Marfan syndrome, suggesting it is a structural risk factor. [20] There is no medical consensus on how to manage symptomatic (painful) dural ectasia.