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During the G1 flyby in 1996, Galileo instruments detected Ganymede's magnetic field. [116] Data from the Galileo flybys was used to discover the sub-surface ocean, which was announced in 2001. [23] [40] High spatial resolution spectra of Ganymede taken by Galileo were used to identify several non-ice compounds on the surface. [52]
A Chinese historian of astronomy, Xi Zezong, has claimed that a "small reddish star" observed near Jupiter in 364 BCE by Chinese astronomer Gan De may have been Ganymede. If true, this might predate Galileo's discovery by around two millennia. [9]
The internal structure of Ganymede. Galileo returned to Ganymede on orbits G7 and G9 in April and May 1997, and on G28 and G29 in May and December 2000 on the GMM. [217] Images of the surface revealed two types of terrain: highly cratered dark regions and grooved terrain sulcus. Images of the Arbela Sulcus taken on G28 made Ganymede look more ...
1610 – Galileo Galilei observes the four main moons of Jupiter: Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, and Io; [82] sees Saturn's planetary rings (but does not recognize that they are rings), [83] and observes the phases of Venus, [84] disproving the Ptolemaic system though not the geocentric model.
Ganymede: Jupiter III Galileo [9] [10] discovered the Galilean moons. These satellites were the first celestial objects that were confirmed to orbit an object other than the Sun or Earth. Galileo saw Io and Europa as a single point of light on 7 January 1610; they were seen as separate bodies the following night. [11] Callisto: Jupiter IV o: 8 ...
The European Space Agency's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (Juice) is amid its voyage to Jupiter with a scheduled 2031 arrival to study Ganymede and Jupiter's other moons, Callisto and Europa.
Galileo observed the Loki volcano (largest in the Solar System) and a new eruption in the southern region of the moon. I33 102 (63) 17 January 2002 This was the closest of all the flybys of Io. The moon provided a gravity-assist necessary for Galileo ' s ultimate collision course with Jupiter.
5th century BC — Democritus proposes that the bright band in the night sky known as the Milky Way might consist of stars. 4th century BC — Aristotle believes the Milky Way to be caused by "the ignition of the fiery exhalation of some stars which were large, numerous and close together" and that the "ignition takes place in the upper part of the atmosphere, in the region of the world which ...