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  2. Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu

    It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hindi and Urdu in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

  3. Nuqta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuqta

    The nuqta, and the phonological distinction it represents, is sometimes ignored in practice; e.g., क़िला qilā being simply spelled as किला kilā.In the text Dialect Accent Features for Establishing Speaker Identity, Manisha Kulshreshtha and Ramkumar Mathur write, "A few sounds, borrowed from the other languages like Persian and Arabic, are written with a dot (bindu or nuqtā).

  4. Nūn ġuṇnā - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nūn_ġuṇnā

    Nūn ġunnā, (Urdu: نُون غُنَّہ; Unicode: U+06BA ں ARABIC LETTER NOON GHUNNA) is an additional letter of the Arabic script not used in the Arabic alphabet itself but used in Urdu, Saraiki, and Shahmukhi Punjabi [1] to represent a nasal vowel, . In Shahmukhi, it is represented by the diacritic ٘ .

  5. Ejective consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejective_consonant

    In producing an ejective, the stylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle contract, causing the hyoid bone and the connected glottis to rise, and the forward articulation (at the velum in the case of [kʼ]) is held, raising air pressure greatly in the mouth so when the oral articulators separate, there is a dramatic burst of air. [1]

  6. Wikipedia : Manual of Style/Pronunciation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/...

    This is because the names of the letters, numbers, and symbols can be spelled out in normal English orthography in a way that makes the pronunciation unambiguous across dialects. For example, Dead on arrival (DOA) may be better explained as "(an initialism: D-O-A)" rather than as the equally correct but less accessible / ˌ d iː ˌ oʊ ˈ eɪ /.

  7. Help talk:IPA/Hindi and Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help_talk:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu

    But obviously, listing Devanagari alone is wrong, and adding Urdu letters will render the table impenetrable. However, our best keys only rely on sample words (e.g. Help:IPA/French , Help:IPA/Japanese , Help:IPA/Tamil ), including keys with two scripts ( Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian , Help:IPA/Punjabi ).

  8. Shahmukhi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahmukhi

    The name 'Shahmukhi' is a recent coinage, imitating its counterpart 'Gurmukhi'. [9] However, the writing of Punjabi in the Perso-Arabic script is well-attested from the 17th century onwards. [ 10 ] According to Dhavan, Punjabi began to adopt the script as a "side effect" of educational practices in Mughal -era Punjab , when Punjabi Muslims ...

  9. Hindustani phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_phonology

    Examples of Hindustani stress Hindi spelling Urdu spelling Romanization Pronunciation Gloss रेज़गारी: ریزگاری rezgārī [ˈreːz.ɡaː.ri(ː)] small change, coins समिति: سَمِتی samiti [sə.ˈmɪ.t(ɪ)] committee क़िस्मत: قسمت qismat [ˈqɪs.mə(t)] fate रौज़ाना: روزانہ ...