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Two versions of Toyota's Active Control Suspension system went into production - the first was a very limited production run from 1990 to 1991 of 300 units of the ST183 Celica, called the Active Sports. [2] This was the first production car in the world to utilise an active suspension system.
Some cars use these systems to improve the vehicle's handling by lowering the vehicle's height during higher speeds – a current example being the Mercedes-Benz Active Body Control system. [4] Another example is the Audi A8, which when driven at speeds of more than 120 km/h for more than 30 seconds reduces its clearance from 120 mm to 95 mm. [5]
An active suspension is a type of automotive suspension that uses an onboard control system to control the vertical movement of the vehicle's wheels and axles relative to the chassis or vehicle frame, rather than the conventional passive suspension that relies solely on large springs to maintain static support and dampen the vertical wheel movements caused by the road surface.
Rapidly developed in the mid-1990s as a result of threatening US trade sanctions on Japanese luxury cars, the LX 450 started production in November 1995 [4] and was released to the US in January 1996 as a 1996 model; Canada received the LX from 1997.
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Later models would use electronic height sensors and motors so adjustment could be achieved with the engine off. This system allowed the suspension to achieve an unusually soft ride quality. [7] Since then, millions of fairly inexpensive Citroën cars have been equipped with self-levelling as an unobtrusive, but integral design feature.
Active Body Control, or ABC, is the Mercedes-Benz brand name used to describe electronically controlled hydropneumatic suspension. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This suspension improves ride quality and allows for control of the vehicle body motions, allowing for reduced body roll in many driving situations including cornering , accelerating , and braking .
TEMS (Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension) is a shock absorber that is electronically controlled (Continuous Damping Control) based on multiple factors, and was built and exclusively used by Toyota for selected products during the 1980s and 1990s (first introduced on the Toyota Soarer in 1983 [1]).