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Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical research using low doses of certain central nervous system stimulants found that these drugs may enhance cognition in healthy people. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] In particular, the classes of stimulants that demonstrate possible cognition-enhancing effects in humans have evidence in vitro as direct ...
4-Fluoroamphetamine (4-FA; 4-FMP; PAL-303; "Flux"), also known as para-fluoroamphetamine (PFA) is a psychoactive research chemical of the phenethylamine and substituted amphetamine chemical classes. It produces stimulant and entactogenic effects.
N-Ethylhexedrone (also known as α-ethylaminocaprophenone, N-ethylnorhexedrone, hexen, and NEH) is a stimulant of the cathinone class [2] [3] that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) with IC 50 values of 0.0978 and 0.0467 μM, respectively. [4]
α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP), also known as α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, O-2387, β-keto-prolintane, prolintanone, [2] [3] or desmethylpyrovalerone, is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been sold as a designer drug and often consumed for recreational reasons.
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (abbreviated MDPV, and also called monkey dust [3]) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It was first developed in the 1960s by a team at Boehringer Ingelheim . [ 6 ]
Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC, and 4-methylephedrone, is a synthetic stimulant drug belonging to the amphetamine and cathinone classes. It is commonly referred to by slang names such as drone, [5] M-CAT, [6] white magic, [7] meow meow, and bubble. [8]
1 gram of 2-FA. 2-Fluoroamphetamine (2-FA) is a stimulant drug from the amphetamine family which has been sold as a designer drug. [1] 2-Fluoroamphetamine differs from 3-and 4-fluoroamphetamine in the position of the fluorine atom on the aromatic ring, making them positional isomers of one another.
Unlike stimulants such as amphetamine, which release a flood of monoamine neurotransmitters in an uncontrolled manner, (–)-PPAP instead only increases the amount of neurotransmitters that get released when a neuron is stimulated by receiving an impulse from a neighboring neuron.