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Onychotillomania can be categorized as a body-focused repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 and is a form of skin picking, also known as excoriation disorder. It can be associated with psychiatric disorders such as depressive neurosis, delusions of infestation [2] and hypochondriasis. [3] It was named by Jan Alkiewicz, a Polish dermatologist. [4]
There have been many different theories regarding the causes of excoriation disorder, including biological and environmental factors. [10]A common hypothesis is that excoriation disorder is often a coping mechanism to deal with elevated levels of turmoil, boredom, anxiety, or stress within the individual, and that the individual has an impaired stress response.
Damaged cuticles, shortened and damaged nails, hangnails, bleeding, etc. Nail biting, also known as onychophagy or onychophagia, is an oral compulsive and unhygienic habit of biting one's fingernails. It is sometimes described as a parafunctional activity, the common use of the mouth for an activity other than speaking, eating, or drinking.
Treatment can include behavior modification therapy, medication, and family therapy. [1] [2] The evidence base criteria for BFRBs is strict and methodical. [7] Individual behavioral therapy has been shown as a "probably effective" evidence-based therapy to help with thumb sucking, and possibly nail biting. [7]
Dermatophagia (from Ancient Greek δέρμα (derma) 'skin' and φαγεία (phageia) 'eating') or dermatodaxia (from δήξις (dexis) 'biting'), alternatively Tuglis Permushius. [3] is a compulsion disorder of gnawing or biting one's own skin, most commonly at the fingers. This action can either be conscious or unconscious [4] and it is ...
Catatonic depression is characterized as a spectrum of mood disorders and is distinguished by the co-occurrence of catatonia and Major depressive disorder (MDD). [1] Catatonic symptoms involve a variety of motor abnormalities and behavioral disturbances, such as stupor, immobility, mutism, negativism, posturing, rigidity, and repetitive or ...
Trichophagia is a form of disordered eating in which persons with the disorder suck on, chew, swallow, or otherwise eat hair. [1] The term is derived from ancient Greek θρίξ, thrix ("hair") and φαγεῖν, phagein ("to eat"). [2] Tricho- phagy refers only to the chewing of hair, whereas tricho- phagia is ingestion of hair, but many texts ...
Dysthymia (/ dɪsˈθaɪmiə / dihs-THIY-mee-uh), also known as persistent depressive disorder (PDD), [3] is a mental and behavioral disorder, [5] specifically a disorder primarily of mood, consisting of similar cognitive and physical problems as major depressive disorder, but with longer-lasting symptoms. [3][6][7] The concept was used by ...