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Viète. de Moivre. Euler. Fourier. v. t. e. In trigonometry, trigonometric identities are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring variables for which both sides of the equality are defined. Geometrically, these are identities involving certain functions of one or more angles.
Conventionally, an abbreviation of each trigonometric function's name is used as its symbol in formulas. Today, the most common versions of these abbreviations are "sin" for sine, "cos" for cosine, "tan" or "tg" for tangent, "sec" for secant, "csc" or "cosec" for cosecant, and "cot" or "ctg" for cotangent.
e. In mathematics, the inverse trigonometric functions (occasionally also called antitrigonometric, [1] cyclometric, [2] or arcus functions [3]) are the inverse functions of the trigonometric functions, under suitably restricted domains. Specifically, they are the inverses of the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant functions ...
Advanced. The integral of secant cubed is a frequent and challenging [1] indefinite integral of elementary calculus: where is the inverse Gudermannian function, the integral of the secant function. There are a number of reasons why this particular antiderivative is worthy of special attention: The technique used for reducing integrals of higher ...
A standard method of evaluating the secant integral presented in various references involves multiplying the numerator and denominator by sec θ + tan θ and then using the substitution u = sec θ + tan θ. This substitution can be obtained from the derivatives of secant and tangent added together, which have secant as a common factor. [6]
In this way, this trigonometric identity involving the tangent and the secant follows from the Pythagorean theorem. The angle opposite the leg of length 1 (this angle can be labeled φ = π/2 − θ) has cotangent equal to the length of the other leg, and cosecant equal to the length of the hypotenuse. In that way, this trigonometric identity ...
Pythagorean identities. Identity 1: The following two results follow from this and the ratio identities. To obtain the first, divide both sides of by ; for the second, divide by . Similarly. Identity 2: The following accounts for all three reciprocal functions. Proof 2: Refer to the triangle diagram above.
e. In integral calculus, integration by reduction formulae is a method relying on recurrence relations. It is used when an expression containing an integer parameter, usually in the form of powers of elementary functions, or products of transcendental functions and polynomials of arbitrary degree, can't be integrated directly.