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  2. Lanthanide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide

    All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln 3+, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu). These elements are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum .

  3. Lanthanide contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_contraction

    The lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in atomic radii and ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series, from left to right. It is caused by the poor shielding effect of nuclear charge by the 4f electrons along with the expected periodic trend of increasing electronegativity and nuclear charge on moving from left to right.

  4. Lanthanum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum

    Due to the large ionic radius and great electropositivity of La 3+, there is not much covalent contribution to its bonding and hence it has a limited coordination chemistry, like yttrium and the other lanthanides. [40] Lanthanum oxalate does not dissolve very much in alkali-metal oxalate solutions, and [La(acac) 3 (H 2 O) 2] decomposes around ...

  5. Rare-earth element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_element

    A direct consequence is that, during the formation of coordination bonds, the REE behaviour gradually changes along the series. Furthermore, the lanthanide contraction causes the ionic radius of Ho 3+ (0.901 Å) to be almost identical to that of Y 3+ (0.9 Å), justifying the inclusion of the latter among the REE.

  6. Metal ions in aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution

    Lanthanide and actinide aqua ions have higher solvation numbers (often 8 to 9), with the highest known being 11 for Ac 3+. The strength of the bonds between the metal ion and water molecules in the primary solvation shell increases with the electrical charge, z, on the metal ion and decreases as its ionic radius, r, increases. Aqua ions are ...

  7. Lanthanide probes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_probes

    Lanthanides can be used because their small size (ionic radius) gives them the ability to replace metal ions inside protein complex such as calcium or nickel. The optical properties of lanthanide ions such as Ln(III) originate in the special features of their electronic [Xe]4f n configurations. [ 4 ]

  8. Ionic radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_radius

    Ionic radius, r ion, is the radius of a monatomic ion in an ionic crystal structure. Although neither atoms nor ions have sharp boundaries, they are treated as if they were hard spheres with radii such that the sum of ionic radii of the cation and anion gives the distance between the ions in a crystal lattice .

  9. Category:Atomic radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Atomic_radius

    Ionic potential; Ionic radius; L. Lanthanide contraction; P. Pauling's rules; V. Van der Waals radius; W. Wigner–Seitz radius This page was last edited on 30 ...