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The increase in pulse pressure may result in increased damage to blood vessels in target organs such as the brain or kidneys. [19] [20] This effect may be exaggerated if the increase in arterial stiffness results in reduced wave reflection and more propagation of the pulsatile pressure into the microcirculation. [19]
Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity [3] of the walls of arteries; [4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of ...
The most common treatments are medications and surgery to repair the damaged blood vessels in your brain. Valvular heart disease Heart valve problems may be treated with medications or surgery.
The thrombus then travels downstream to other blood vessels, where the blood clot may partially or completely block blood flow. If the blood flow is completely blocked, cell deaths occur due to the lack of oxygen supply to nearby cells, resulting in necrosis. [81] The narrowing or obstruction of blood flow can occur in any artery within the body.
A patient's answers to questions, a general physical exam, and the results of tests can help a doctor determine the cause of pain and stiffness. [17] One blood test usually performed is the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) which measures how fast the patient's red blood cells settle in a test tube. The faster the red blood cells settle, the ...
[1] [2] Blood thinners may be used to treat or prevent blood clots. [1] The condition affects about 1% of the population. [4] It is more common in women than men and it occurs most commonly between 20 and 50 years of age. [1] The condition was first described in 1818 and the current term "thoracic outlet syndrome" first used in 1956. [2] [6]
Emboli break off from the plaque and travel through the circulation to blood vessels in the brain. As the vessels get smaller, an embolus can lodge in the vessel wall and restrict the blood flow to parts of the brain. This ischemia can either be temporary, yielding a transient ischemic attack (TIA), or permanent resulting in a thromboembolic ...
Large vessels, [3] including aorta and arch branches [5] Histiocytes, giant cells [5] Giant cell arteritis, also often called temporal arteritis (although they differ slightly) Superficial temporal artery, other medium- and large-sized vessels, [6] e.g. those supplying the head, eyes and optic nerves: Lymphocytes, macrophages, and ...