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In physics, Hooke's law is an empirical law which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with respect to that distance—that is, F s = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the total possible deformation of the spring.
Simplified LaCoste suspension using a zero-length spring Spring length L vs force F graph of ordinary (+), zero-length (0) and negative-length (−) springs with the same minimum length L 0 and spring constant. Zero-length spring is a term for a specially designed coil spring that would exert zero force if it had zero length. That is, in a line ...
The damping ratio provides a mathematical means of expressing the level of damping in a system relative to critical damping. For a damped harmonic oscillator with mass m, damping coefficient c, and spring constant k, it can be defined as the ratio of the damping coefficient in the system's differential equation to the critical damping coefficient:
The following table gives formula for the spring that is equivalent to a system of two springs, in series or in parallel, whose spring constants are and . [1] The compliance c {\displaystyle c} of a spring is the reciprocal 1 / k {\displaystyle 1/k} of its spring constant.)
Small, coiled torsion springs are often used to operate pop-up doors found on small consumer goods like digital cameras and compact disc players. Other more specific uses: Other more specific uses: A torsion bar suspension is a thick, steel torsion-bar spring attached to the body of a vehicle at one end and to a lever arm which attaches to the ...
The effective mass of the spring in a spring-mass system when using a heavy spring (non-ideal) of uniform linear density is of the mass of the spring and is independent of the direction of the spring-mass system (i.e., horizontal, vertical, and oblique systems all have the same effective mass). This is because external acceleration does not ...
When a spring is stretched or compressed by a mass, the spring develops a restoring force. Hooke's law gives the relationship of the force exerted by the spring when the spring is compressed or stretched a certain length: F ( t ) = − k x ( t ) , {\displaystyle F(t)=-kx(t),} where F is the force, k is the spring constant, and x is the ...
Average kinetic energy per degree of freedom of a system: kelvin (K) Θ: intensive, scalar: Amount of substance: n: The quantity proportional to the number of particles in a sample, with the Avogadro constant as the proportionality constant: mole (mol) N: extensive, scalar Luminous intensity: I v: Wavelength-weighted power of emitted light per ...
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