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A neurofibroma is a benign nerve-sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. In 90% of cases, they are found as stand-alone tumors (solitary neurofibroma, solitary nerve sheath tumor[1] or sporadic neurofibroma[1]), while the remainder are found in persons with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), an autosomal-dominant genetically inherited disease.
Neurofibromatosis (NF) refers to a group of three distinct genetic conditions in which tumors grow in the nervous system. [1] The tumors are non-cancerous (benign) and often involve the skin or surrounding bone. [1] Although symptoms are often mild, each condition presents differently. Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is typically characterized ...
Café au lait spot characteristic of NF1 Diagnostic criteria of neurofibromatosis type I, requiring at least 2 of the mentioned items. [6]The following is a list of conditions and complications associated with NF-1, and, where available, age range of onset and progressive development, occurrence percentage of NF-1 population, method of earliest diagnosis, and treatments and related medical ...
A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a form of cancer of the connective tissue surrounding peripheral nerves. Given its origin and behavior it is classified as a sarcoma. About half the cases are diagnosed in people with neurofibromatosis; the lifetime risk for an MPNST in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 is 8–13%. [2]
Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2 or NF II) is caused by mutations of the "Merlin" gene, [2] which seems to influence the form and movement of cells. The principal treatments consist of neurosurgical removal of the tumors and surgical treatment of the eye lesions. Historically the underlying disorder has not had any therapy due to the cell ...
The most common presenting symptom of spinal tumors is nocturnal back pain. [1] Other common symptoms include muscle weakness, sensory loss, and difficulty walking. [1] Loss of bowel and bladder control may occur during the later stages of the disease. [3] The cause of spinal tumors is unknown.
NF1 was cloned in 1990 [11][12] and its product neurofibromin was identified in 1992. [13][14][15][16] Neurofibromin, a GTPase-activating protein, primarily regulates the protein Ras. [17] NF1 is located on the long arm of chromosome 17, position q11.2 [7] NF1 spans over 350- kb of genomic DNA and contains 62 exons.
Treatment is mainly surgical; radiotherapy or chemotherapy is usually an indication of relapse. [clarification needed] Head and neck desmoid fibromatosis is a serious condition due to local aggression, specific anatomical patterns and the high rate of relapse. For children surgery is particularly difficult, given the potential for growth disorders.