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A sailing vessel's rig is its arrangement of masts, sails and rigging. [ 1 ] Examples include a schooner rig, cutter rig, junk rig, etc. [ 2 ] A rig may be broadly categorized as "fore-and-aft", "square", or a combination of both. Within the fore-and-aft category there is a variety of triangular and quadrilateral sail shapes.
Rigging comprises the system of ropes, cables and chains, which support and control a sailing ship or sail boat 's masts and sails. Standing rigging is the fixed rigging that supports masts including shrouds and stays. Running rigging is rigging which adjusts the position of the vessel's sails and spars including halyards, braces, sheets and vangs.
Types of rig (ie the configuration of masts and sails) used on sailing vessels and specific items of rigging used on sailing vessels, from full-rigged ships to sailboats Contents Top
Gaff rig. Gaff rig[ 1 ] is a sailing rig (configuration of sails, mast and stays) in which the sail is four-cornered, fore-and-aft rigged, controlled at its peak and, usually, its entire head by a spar (pole) called the gaff. Because of the size and shape of the sail, a gaff rig will have running backstays rather than permanent backstays.
Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which the primary driving sails are carried on horizontal spars which are perpendicular, or square, to the keel of the vessel and to the masts. These spars are called yards and their tips, outside the lifts, are called the yardarms.[1] A ship mainly rigged so is called a square-rigger.
Fore-and-aft rigs include: Rigs with one mast: the proa, the catboat, the sloop, the cutter. Rigs with two masts: the ketch, the yawl. Rigs with two or more masts: the schooner. Barques and barquentines are partially square rigged and partially fore-and-aft rigged. A rig which combines both on a foremast is known as a hermaphroditic rig.
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