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IC codes have been used to record individuals' ethnicities in the Police National Computer. [4] [5] They have also been used in the reports on ethnicity in the criminal justice system published annually as required by the Criminal Justice Act 1991, [6] [2] and in some scientific research. [7] [non-primary source needed]
IC codes (identity code) or 6+1 codes are codes used by the British police in radio communications and crime recording systems to describe the apparent ethnicity of a suspect or victim. Originating in the late 1970s, the codes are based on a police officer's visual assessment of an individual's ethnicity, as opposed to that individual's self ...
Self defined ethnicity (SDE) codes are a set of codes used by the Home Office in the United Kingdom to classify an individual's ethnicity according to that person's self-definition. The codes are also called "18 + 1" codes, as there are 18 of them, plus one code (NS) for "not stated". [ 1 ]
The college produces guidance for officers known as Authorised Professional Practice (APP). This covers topics such as firearms, stop and search, covert policing and investigations. [8] APP is subject to continual review and update. In the first quarter of 2022, for example, there were 46 updates made to 20 individual APP categories. [9]
The NPIA supported the police service by providing expertise in areas such as serious crime analysis, training, operational support and in the development of new policing technologies and skills. [3] In November 2012 the professional body for policing was created, called the College of Policing. Meanwhile, the historic main building at ...
Airport racial profiling in the United States is U.S. government activity directed at a suspect or group of suspects because of their race or ethnicity. Under Fourth Amendment analysis, objective factors measure whether law enforcement action is constitutional, and under the Fourteenth Amendment challenges to the practice are assessed under the ...
When a police officer or a member of staff is in a collaborative (multi-constabulary) unit or department (such as the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire Road Policing Unit), the PNC code, which is a force identification number, is added to the collar number to prevent confusion between officers; e.g., 41-9999 would indicate a ...
Examples of police codes include "10 codes" (such as 10-4 for "okay" or "acknowledged"—sometimes written X4 or X-4), signals, incident codes, response codes, or other status codes. These code types may be used in the same sentence to describe specific aspects of a situation. Codes vary by country, administrative subdivision, and agency.