Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity is a rule based on observation of atomic spectra, which is used to predict the ground state of an atom or molecule with one or more open electronic shells. The rule states that for a given electron configuration , the lowest energy term is the one with the greatest value of spin multiplicity . [ 1 ]
The superscript three (read as triplet) indicates that the multiplicity 2S+1 = 3, so that the total spin S = 1. This spin is due to two unpaired electrons, as a result of Hund's rule which favors the single filling of degenerate orbitals. The triplet consists of three states with spin components +1, 0 and –1 along the direction of the total ...
The three rules are: [1] [2] [3] For a given electron configuration, the term with maximum multiplicity has the lowest energy. The multiplicity is equal to + , where is the total spin angular momentum for all electrons. The multiplicity is also equal to the number of unpaired electrons plus one. [4]
Rules for decomposing the restriction of an irreducible representation into irreducible representations of the subgroup are called branching rules, and have important applications in physics. For example, in case of explicit symmetry breaking , the symmetry group of the problem is reduced from the whole group to one of its subgroups.
Kasha's rule is a principle in the photochemistry of electronically excited molecules. The rule states that photon emission (fluorescence or phosphorescence) occurs in appreciable yield only from the lowest excited state of a given multiplicity. It is named after American spectroscopist Michael Kasha, who proposed it in 1950. [1] [2]
Most jewelers agree that the "three month's salary" rule for an engagement ring no longer applies. This guideline would indicate that if you make $100,000 a year -- barely enough to afford a house ...
A Littlewood–Richardson tableau. A Littlewood–Richardson tableau is a skew semistandard tableau with the additional property that the sequence obtained by concatenating its reversed rows is a lattice word (or lattice permutation), which means that in every initial part of the sequence any number occurs at least as often as the number +.
The graph crosses the x-axis at roots of odd multiplicity and does not cross it at roots of even multiplicity. A non-zero polynomial function is everywhere non-negative if and only if all its roots have even multiplicity and there exists an x 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}} such that f ( x 0 ) > 0 {\displaystyle f(x_{0})>0} .