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With the normal untagged Ethernet frame overhead of 18 bytes and the 1500-byte payload, the Ethernet maximum frame size is 1518 bytes. If a 1500-byte IP packet is to be carried over a tagged Ethernet connection, the Ethernet frame maximum size needs to be 1522 bytes due to the larger size of an 802.1Q tagged frame.
An example of the fragmentation of a protocol data unit in a given layer into smaller fragments. IP fragmentation is an Internet Protocol (IP) process that breaks packets into smaller pieces (fragments), so that the resulting pieces can pass through a link with a smaller maximum transmission unit (MTU) than the original packet size.
Jumbo frames have payloads greater than 1500 bytes. In computer networking , jumbo frames are Ethernet frames with more than 1500 bytes of payload, the limit set by the IEEE 802.3 standard. [ 1 ] The payload limit for jumbo frames is variable: while 9000 bytes is the most commonly used limit, smaller and larger limits exist.
The process is repeated until the MTU is small enough to traverse the entire path without fragmentation. As IPv6 routers do not fragment packets, there is no Don't Fragment option in the IPv6 header. For IPv6, Path MTU Discovery works by initially assuming the path MTU is the same as the MTU on the link layer interface where the traffic originates.
Mix profiles exist for IPv4, TCP, VPN and IPv6 traffic, distributions are similar but frame sizes vary given the different overhead and upper layer limitations on MTU. Here is an illustration of the Simple IMIX, a mix often used by firewall vendors showing IMIX throughput performance in their data sheets (along with the "optimal test conditions ...
Following the initial design of ATM, networks have become much faster. A 1500 byte (12000-bit) full-size Ethernet frame takes only 1.2 μs to transmit on a 10 Gbit/s network, reducing the motivation for small cells to reduce jitter due to contention. The increased link speeds by themselves do not eliminate jitter due to queuing.
The Network Driver (ND) or interface should know the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of the directly attached network. The IP should ask the Network Driver for the Maximum Transmission Unit. The TCP should ask the IP for the Maximum Datagram Data Size (MDDS). This is the MTU minus the IP header length (MDDS = MTU − IPHdrLen).
Ethernet II framing considered these octets to represent EtherType while the original IEEE 802.3 framing considered these octets to represent the size of the payload in bytes. In order to allow Ethernet II and IEEE 802.3 framing to be used on the same Ethernet segment, a unifying standard, IEEE 802.3x-1997, was introduced that required that ...