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Persons with these findings, if they have a positive tuberculin skin test reaction, should be considered high-priority candidates for treatment of latent infection regardless of age. Conversely, calcified nodular lesions (calcified granuloma) pose a very low risk for future progression to active tuberculosis. [citation needed]
High-resolution CT image showing ground-glass opacities in the periphery of both lungs in a patient with COVID-19 (red arrows). The adjacent normal lung tissue with lower attenuation appears as darker areas. Ground-glass opacity (GGO) is a finding seen on chest x-ray (radiograph) or computed tomography (CT) imaging of the lungs.
Venous drainage is usually to the left atrium via pulmonary veins establishing a left to left shunt. Abnormal connections to the vena cava , azygous vein , or right atrium may occur. Two thirds of the time, the sequestration is located in the paravertebral gutter in the posterior segment of the left lower lobe.
The most common benign coin lesion is a granuloma (inflammatory nodule), for example due to tuberculosis or a fungal infection, such as Coccidioidomycosis. [6] Other infectious causes include a lung abscess , pneumonia (including pneumocystis pneumonia ) or rarely nocardial infection or worm infection (such as dirofilariasis or dog heartworm ...
The classical location for primary infection is surrounding the lobar fissures, either in the upper part of the lower lobe or lower part of the upper lobe. [ 2 ] If the Ghon focus also involves infection of adjacent lymphatics and hilar lymph nodes, it is known as the Ghon's complex or primary complex.
"Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma" is a lesion characterized by keloid-like fibrosis in the lung and is not granulomatous. Similarly, radiologists often use the term granuloma when they see a calcified nodule on X-ray or CT scan of the chest. They make this assumption since granulomas usually contain calcium, although the cells that form a ...
In radiology, the tree-in-bud sign is a finding on a CT scan that indicates some degree of airway obstruction. [1] The tree-in-bud sign is a nonspecific imaging finding that implies impaction within bronchioles, the smallest airway passages in the lung.
Typically, the inhaled bacilli implant in the distal airspaces of the lower part of the upper lobe or the upper part of the lower lobe, usually close to the pleura. As sensitization develops, a 1 to 1.5 cm area of gray-white inflammation with consolidation emerges, known as the Ghon focus.