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Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone or phenobarb, sold under the brand name Luminal among others, is a medication of the barbiturate type. [6] It is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries . [ 8 ]
Tedral is also composed of phenobarbital, therefore, it is contraindicated for individuals with: [8] [5] [20] Hypersensitivity to phenobarbital, barbiturates or any component of the formulation. A history/manifest or latent porphyria; Liver impairment; Nephritic syndrome (at high dose) A history of sedative-hypnotic drug addiction
Luminal (phenobarbital) – a barbiturate with sedative and hypnotic properties; R. Remeron (mirtazapine) – an atypical antidepressant, used off-label as a sleep aid;
It has similar liver enzyme inducing effects to the closely related drug phenobarbital, which may be exploited in some clinical applications. [2] [3] References
Phenobarbital reduces the half-life to 4.8 ± 1.3 and increases the clearance by almost 109%. [66] It also interferes with the metabolism of dexamethasone , a synthetic steroid hormone, to the point where its withdrawal from the regimen of a 14-year-old living in the United Kingdom made her hypercortisolemic . [ 67 ]
Typical applications for pentobarbital are sedative, short term hypnotic, preanesthetic, insomnia treatment, and control of convulsions in emergencies. [3] Abbott Pharmaceutical discontinued manufacture of their Nembutal brand of Pentobarbital capsules in 1999, largely replaced by the benzodiazepine family of drugs.
Methylphenobarbital (), also known as mephobarbital (USAN, JAN) and mephobarbitone (), marketed under brand names such as Mebaral, Mephyltaletten, Phemiton, and Prominal, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative and is used primarily as an anticonvulsant, [2] but also as a sedative and anxiolytic.
Molecular diagram of phenobarbital: Specialty: Emergency medicine: Symptoms: Decreased breathing, decreased level of consciousness [1] Complications: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema [2] Duration: 6–12 hours [2] Causes: Accidental, suicide [3] Diagnostic method: Blood or urine tests [4] Treatment: medical support, activated charcoal [5] [6 ...