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The two types of aquaporins expressed in the CNS are aquaporin-1, which is expressed by specialized epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which is expressed by astrocytes. [12] [13] Aquaporin-4 expression in astrocytes is highly polarized to the endfoot processes ensheathing the cerebral vasculature. Up to 50% of the ...
The presynaptic neuron (top) releases a neurotransmitter, which activates receptors on the nearby postsynaptic cell (bottom). Ligand-gated ion channel showing the binding of transmitter (Tr) and changing of membrane potential (Vm)
Neuroinflammation is widely regarded as chronic, as opposed to acute, inflammation of the central nervous system. [5] Acute inflammation usually follows injury to the central nervous system immediately, and is characterized by inflammatory molecules, endothelial cell activation, platelet deposition, and tissue edema. [6]
There are two parts of the nervous system: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). General body functions are supervised by the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. The PNS delivers motor signals to control body activities and receives sensory data from the CNS.
Neuroendocrinology is the branch of biology (specifically of physiology) which studies the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system; i.e. how the brain regulates the hormonal activity in the body. [1]
The central nervous system (CNS) is derived from the ectoderm—the outermost tissue layer of the embryo. In the third week of human embryonic development the neuroectoderm appears and forms the neural plate along the dorsal side of the embryo. The neural plate is the source of the majority of neurons and glial cells of the CNS.
The nervous system of vertebrates (including humans) is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). [16] The CNS is the major division, and consists of the brain and the spinal cord. [16] The spinal canal contains the spinal cord, while the cranial cavity contains the brain.
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain, spinal cord and retina.The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all parts of the bodies of bilaterally symmetric and triploblastic animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and diploblasts.