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The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is an astronomical survey designed to constrain the properties of dark energy.It uses images taken in the near-ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared to measure the expansion of the universe using Type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, the number of galaxy clusters, and weak gravitational lensing. [1]
Galaxy-galaxy lensing is a specific type of weak (and occasionally strong) gravitational lensing, in which the foreground object responsible for distorting the shapes of background galaxies is itself an individual field galaxy (as opposed to a galaxy cluster or the large-scale structure of the cosmos). Of the three typical mass regimes in weak ...
List of galaxies with richest globular cluster systems; List of nearest galaxies; List of galaxies named after people; List of spiral galaxies; List of polar-ring galaxies; List of ring galaxies; List of quasars; Satellite galaxies. List of satellite galaxies of the Milky Way; List of Andromeda's satellite galaxies; List of Triangulum's ...
Radio-faint galaxies like M 31 and M33, the Milky Way's neighbors, have weaker fields (about 5 μG), while gas-rich galaxies with high star-formation rates, like M 51, M 83 and NGC 6946, have 15 μG on average. In prominent spiral arms, the field strength can be up to 25 μG, in regions where cold gas and dust are also concentrated.
Galaxies can consist of millions to trillions of stars. The galaxy we live in is called the Milky Way, and astronomers estimate it has between 200-400 billion stars.
A field galaxy is a galaxy that does not belong to a larger galaxy group or cluster and hence is gravitationally alone. Roughly 80% of all galaxies located within 5 Mpc (16 Mly) of the Milky Way are in groups or clusters of galaxies. [1] Most low-surface-brightness galaxies are field galaxies. [2]
In 2009, weak gravitational lensing was used to extend the mass-X-ray-luminosity relation to older and smaller structures than was previously possible to improve measurements of distant galaxies. [29] As of 2013 the most distant gravitational lens galaxy, J1000+0221, had been found using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
In one picture, Euclid captured a group shot of 1,000 galaxies in a cluster 240 million light-years away, against a backdrop of more than 100,000 galaxies billions of light-years away. A light ...