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Pie chart showing incidence of large-cell lung cancer (shown in green at upper left) as compared to other lung cancer types, with fractions of smokers versus non-smokers shown for each type. [7] In most series, LCLC's comprise between 3%-9% of all primary lung cancers. [4]
English: Pie chart of the incidence of lung cancer types, sorted by histological subtypes, in turn sorted into how many are non-smokers versus smokers - defined as current or former smoker of more than 1 year of duration according to: Table 2 in: Kenfield SA, Wei EK, Stampfer MJ, Rosner BA, Colditz GA (2008).
Along with diet, body weight and exercise habits are also associated with lung cancer risk. Being overweight is associated with a lower risk of developing lung cancer, possibly due to the tendency of those who smoke cigarettes to have a lower body weight. [92] However, being underweight is also associated with a reduced lung cancer risk. [92]
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. [1] [2] [3] As a class, NSCLCs are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma.
Lung cancer susceptibility tests suggest the probability or susceptibility an individual may have of getting lung cancer. Lung cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in the lung tissue. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lungs in a process called metastasis, into nearby tissues or other parts of the body.
According to the World Health Organization, lung cancer was responsible for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020. [2] The most common cause of lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke, and the carcinogens are typically found in cigarettes. [3] In the United States, around 80%-90% of lung cancer deaths are among cigarette smokers. [4]
Small cell lung cancer is often treated as a systematic disease due to its tendency for early dissemination, [4] thus, instead of the traditional TNM staging system, the Veterans' Administration Lung Study Group (VALSG) introduced a simplified 2-stage system in the 1950s to divide small cell lung cancer into limited stage and extensive stage. [7]
Approximately 98% of lung cancers are carcinoma, a term for malignant neoplasms derived from cells of epithelial lineage, and/or that exhibit cytological or tissue architectural features characteristically found in epithelial cells. [8] Under WHO-2004, lung carcinomas are divided into 8 major taxa: [1] Squamous cell carcinoma; Small cell carcinoma